Husi "Métodu Peska: Hamoris Fali Komunidade nia Matenek Tradisionál ba Moris ne’ebé Sustentável", UNESCO/Roman Luan, Set 2013 / Autör sira: Avelino Pereira Fernandes no Marcelo Belo Soares

Iha tempu pasadu, bei’ala sira uza materiál tradisionál sira hodi kail-ikan porezemplu: tali hakail ne’ebé halo husi ai-fuka, karau-kulit, opa ne’ebé halo husi au no materiál naturál seluk tan. 

Luku 
Peskadór sira uza kilat tradisionál hodi tiru ikan no kurita. Métodu ne’e maka luku livre (la uza tanke ár) iha área ahu-ruin nian.

Hale’u 
Grupu peskadór ho kilat no uza ókulu hale’u no duni ikan ba klaran hafoin tiru ikan hirak-ne’e.


Baku manu fulun 
Kesi manu-fulun iha kail-isin no kesi tan tali ne’e ho fatuk. Hatun tiha ba tasi okos no baku sa’e tiha fatuk ne’e hela maka manu fulun hodi habosok ikan (ikan sei hanoin katak ida ne’e suntu ka kurita). 

Opa ngita 
Ema Atauro uza “opa” oioin, boot no ki’ik, hodi ajuda sira kaer ikan no animál sira seluk. Opa ngita nia sasukat ki’ik. Opa ne’e uza hodi
kaer ikan iha área hale’u hela ahu-ruin (iha tasi kle’an maizumenus métru 1-2) no taka netik ho ahu-ruin ka fatuk. Opa sira halo ho au ki’ik, au boot no tali. 


Lutuk 
Lutuk hada ho fatuk husi tasi ninin to’o ahu-ruin. Bainhira tasi nakonu ikan sira sei mai iha tasi ninin maibé bainhira tasi tun ka maran ikan labele filafali ba tasi kle’an, ho nune’e peskadór sira sei uza kilat hodi tiru ka uza keur hodi sona ikan hirak ne’e.
Lutuk ida-ida iha nia na’in: molok atu halo lutuk sira halo serimónia boot ne’ebé na’in Umane ne’e sei konvida Fetosaa sira mai tulun. Lutuk ne’e lulik.


Lutuk ne’e bele uza de’it iha
tempu tasi di’ak ka tempu kuda
koto-nurak maizumenus durante
fulan Novembru to’o Janeiru no Marsu to’o Maiu.


Dada ró

Ema hatún ona ai-hun boot hodi halo ró iha ai-laran. Halo hotu tiha ró ne’e sira determina tempu hodi dada tun ba tasi. 

Karik Lisan Itara maka halo ró, sei konvida Lisan Sa’et hodi mai dada ró husi ai-hun to’o tasi ne’ebé ró ne’e sei ba para iha parte Harat. Maibé ida ne’e ba ró ne’ebé halo ho ai- saria, bainhira ró ne’e maka halo ho ai lele, sei ba para iha Tua Sa’et. 

Bainhira Lisan Sa’et maka halo fali ró, sei bolu Lisan Itara hodi ba partisipa iha serimónia dada ró. Ró ne’e sei dada husi ai-hun ba to’o parte Timuk ka Tua Sa’et. Ba ró ne’ebé halo husi ai-lele, sei lori diretamente ba tasi-laran hodi ba hoban. Karik ró ne’e halo husi ai- saria bele dada tun ba fatin ne’ebé de’it tuir sira-nia hakarak. 

Bainhira lisan sira halo konvite ba malu, fetosaa sira hahú halo maksadik ba Umane sira, atu nune’e Umane bele rekoñese katak iha tempu dada ró, fetosaa bele sa’e tuir ró ne’e. Fetosaa ne’ebé maka maksadik ona, Umane tenki simu hotu.
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Traditional fishing practices and equipment in the village of Makili, Atauro

In the past, the ancestors used traditional methods of catching fish, for example: fishing rods made from the milkweed (ai-fuka) tree and cowskin and fishing baskets/traps woven from bamboo and other natural fibres. 

Diving

Fishermen use traditional weapons to shoot fish and octopus. They use a free diving technique without the aid of oxygen tanks and mainly work in the coral reefs. 

Encirclement

A group of divers with weapons and goggle surround and chase the fish into the middle of an area before shooting them. 

Shaking the feather

A feather is tied to the fishing rod and a rock or stone attached to the line. The line is lowered to the bottom of the sea and then the rock is dislodged by shaking the line so that only the feather remains in the depths to act as a lure for fish which mistake it for squid or octopus. 

Opa ngita – bamboo trap

The people of Atauro use a range of different traps, large and small, to catch fish and other sea creatures. The Opa ngita is a small trap and is used to trap fish in the shallow water (1-2 metres) of the coral reef. It is anchored with rocks and coral and is made of small and large strips of bamboo thatched with fibre or string. 

Fence

A semi-circular barrier of rocks is constructed running from the water’s edge out to where the coral reef begins. At high tide the fish can cross the barrier into the shallows but cannot return to the sea when the water level drops, allowing the fishermen and fisherwomen to either spear or stun the fish. Each rock barrier has an owner or custodian and a ritual must be conducted before a new one is built. The ceremony involves the family of the wife inviting the husband’s family to come and assist with the building. These fence structures are “lulik” (sacred) and can only be used during the prime bean-growing season from November to January and March to May. 

Launching the boats

People fell large trees in the forest to build their boats. Once one is completed, it is determined when is the most propitious moment to launch it into the sea. In the case of someone from the Itara clan building a boat from red cedar wood (“ai-saria”), they will invite members of the Sa’et clan to drag the boat from the tree it was cut from, bringing it to rest at Harat. However, if the boat is made from the cottonwood (kapok) tree, it will come to be moored at Tua Sa’et. In the case of someone from the Sa’et clan building a boat, they will call the Itara clan to participate in the boat launching ceremony. The boat will be dragged from the place where its tree was felled down to Timuk or Tua Sa’et. In the case of boats made from the cottonwood tree, they will be taken and launched directly into the sea. If it is made from red cedar wood, however, it can be moored anywhere the owner desires. 

At the moment when the people from one clan invite the other to partake in the rituals associated with their boats, the womenfolk will begin to provoke or challenge the men to allow them to ride in the boat as it is dragged to its final destination. Once the challenge has been made, the menfolk are powerless to refuse.